Parallelism in Query in DBMS


Parallelism in a query allows us to parallel execution of multiple queries by decomposing them into the parts that work in parallel. This can be achieved by shared-nothing architecture. Parallelism is also used in fastening the process of a query execution as more and more resources like processors and disks are provided. We can achieve parallelism in a query by the following methods :

  1. I/O parallelism
  2. Intra-query parallelism
  3. Inter-query parallelism
  4. Intra-operation parallelism
  5. Inter-operation parallelism

Key Benefits of Parallelism in DBMS:

  1. Increased Throughput and Performance: By dividing complex queries into smaller tasks that run simultaneously, parallelism allows multiple processors to handle parts of a query concurrently. This leads to faster execution, greater system efficiency, and better scalability, enabling DBMS to process larger workloads and more concurrent queries.

  2. Efficient Resource Utilization: Parallel query execution optimizes the use of system resources—such as CPU, memory, and disk I/O—by evenly distributing workloads across processors. This prevents bottlenecks and maximizes resource potential, enhancing performance and load balancing in distributed environments.

  3. Faster Query Execution: By breaking down and distributing complex queries across processors, parallelism drastically reduces query response times. This is particularly advantageous for resource-heavy queries, providing faster access to data and improving decision-making.

Parallel Processing Techniques:

Different parallel architectures—shared-disk, shared-memory, and shared-nothing—enable efficient processing through interquery (multiple queries simultaneously) and intraquery (dividing a single query into concurrent tasks) parallelism. These techniques make parallelism a foundational element for handling large-scale data and complex queries effectively in modern DBMS.


References :

  1. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/parallelism-in-query-in-dbms
  2. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/parallelism-in-query-in-dbms/
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